Habitat characterization of Anopheles sp. mosquito larvae in Malaria risk areas:

Nazri Che Dom

Abstract

Objective: This study was design in order to assess the habitat characteristics of Anopheles sp. mosquito larvae in malaria risk areas in Terengganu district.

Method: Study area for this study is Felda Selancar 4 (Malaria risk areas). The sampling was conducted with three larval habitats (Slow flowing river (SFR), Ditches (DT) and Animal foots (AF)) present within a study area radius were sampled for anopheline larvae using a standard 350 mL capacity mosquito dipper. Environmental information that were determined during this study included physical characteristics and physiochemical characteristics. Physical characteristics include canopy cover, water depth, turbidity, emergent plant coverage and distant to nearest house and physiochemical characteristics include temperature, pH, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen and conductivity.

Result: For physical habitat characterizations in this study, all Anopheles sp. breeding habitats more prefer presence in clear water (100%). The probability of An. maculatus larvae to be present was reduced when the water was turbid.         For physiochemical habitat characterizations, the mean values for water temperature of Slow-flowing river (SFR) and  Animal foots (AF) are in the range 24 ± and 26.84 °C for Ditches (DT). The independent sample paired t-test showed that there were no statistically significant difference in water temperature, pH, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen and electric conductivity between the positive and negative samples from Slow- flowing river, Ditches and Animal foots (p>0.05) in this study.

Conclusion: Water temperature were statistically significant with p-value 0.002 respectively for different types of  Anopheles sp. breeding habitats. Between the positive and negative samples from Slow- flowing river, Ditches and Animal foots, the independent sample t-test showed that there were no statistically significant difference in water temperature, pH, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen and electric conductivity (p>0.05).

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